美国内战1990
6.0 |2025年12月02日 |已完结
简介:

  汉语简介
  19世纪工业革命传到美国,美国经济迅速发展,同时美国获得了西部的大片领土,急需劳动力,南方奴隶制成为经济发展的障碍。 1860年主张废除奴隶制的林肯当选总统,南方奴隶主发动叛乱,南方蓄奴州纷纷独立,1861年2月组成邦联政府,戴维斯当选总统。同年4月南方邦联军先发制人攻占萨姆特要塞,内战爆发。
  南军准备充分,势如破竹,很快占领了海军基地诺福克,5月6日占领铁路枢纽马纳萨斯,进逼华盛顿,北军仓促应战,24日进入福吉尼亚。7月21日,北军被击溃,逃回华盛顿,林肯紧急动员50万志愿军。1862年,北军发动进攻,西线由格兰特指挥,进展顺利,2月攻克亨利堡和多纳尔森堡,4月在夏洛战役中击败南军,5月攻克科林斯和孟菲斯,解放了肯塔基和田那西。东线北军则进展迟缓,7月被罗伯特.李指挥的南军击溃,李乘胜北进,8月在布尔河再次击败北军,兵临华盛顿,9月两军进行安提塔姆会战,李被击退。12月北军在弗雷德里斯克堡战役中再次被李击败。
  1863 年元旦林肯颁布「解放宣言」宣布解放黑奴,允许黑人参加北方军队,之后又颁布「宅地法」,允许所有美国人得到西部的土地。同年5月,北军再次进攻里士满,在切斯罗维尔被李击退。6月李再次北进,7月1日两军在葛底斯堡展开决战,3日南军被击败。在李北进的同时,格兰特在西线包围了南军防守密西西比河的要塞维克斯堡,5月22日北军发动总攻,进行了长达47天的炮击,7月4日南军投降。7月8日北军占领哈得逊港,南军被分割成东西两部分。9月北军攻克查塔努加,11月击退南军的反击。
  1864年北方发动全面进攻,5~6月格兰特率军同李进行一系列会战,李虽然每次都能取胜,但北军的援军不断到达,李军团陷于绝望。6月15日,北军进攻彼得斯堡,双方相持不下,拖住了南军主力达9个月。7月厄尔利率南军一部再次奔袭华盛顿,被北军谢里登部击退,谢里登在进军途中实施焦土战略,厄尔利军瓦解。5月谢尔曼在西线发起进攻,9月2日攻占亚特兰大,并破坏了该城。之后谢尔曼以宽正面向佐治亚海岸进军,沿途实施焦土战略破坏了一切南方可资利用的资源,12月21日谢尔曼攻占萨凡纳,将南方邦联东部分割成南北两半。1865年1月,谢尔曼北上,2月相继攻克哥伦比亚和查尔斯顿,3月和格兰特会师,4月3日攻占彼得斯堡,9日李率残部投降。4月14日,南方派人刺杀了林肯。26日南方投降,内战结束。
  南北战争摧毁了奴隶制,为美国资本主义经济的发展扫清了道路。这次战争中工业革命带来了军事上的巨大进步,双方使用了金属弹壳和后装填步枪作战,使用铁路和蒸汽船实现快速的兵力机动和集结,使用蒸汽铁甲战舰进行海战,机械连发枪第一次投入实战,特别是北方发展了制造标准化零件组装武器的生产方式,大大提高了工业生产效率。

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  Out of the fifties &♯39;B&♯39; Science-Fiction monster movies, this easily ranks as the best. It&♯39;s most notable as the film that ALIEN is an unaccredited remake of, thus giving it a certain historical significance.
  The intriguing plot is about the rescue of the only marooned survivor (Col. Carruthers) of an ill-fated expedition to Mars. The authorities, pig-headed as usual, falsely assume that he murdered his fellow crew members, so that he&♯39;d have more provisions to survive; hence he is being brought back to Earth to face court-martial for murder. (There is also a somewhat interesting plot reversal here: Most movies of this nature usually begin with the ship leaving Earth, enroute to its otherworld destination, while, in this case, the "story" is believed finished, and begins as the characters take-off from the other planet, returning to Earth). As the rescue ship is leaving Mars, a lurking, ominous shadow is seen in the lower compartment. (A frightening, atmospheric moment, accomplished through sheer economy and simplicity).
  Carruthers insists of his innocence to his fellow captors, claiming that his original crew mates were slaughtered by a hostile, unseen presence on the desolute red planet, but three-guesses as to their reaction to his unusual plea. Naturally, he can&♯39;t prove it, and 50&♯39;s space authorities were not very alien conscience at the time. (As a side-thought, "unseen menace" may remind you of that highly "original" BLAIR WITCH).
  As everyone sacks out, a hapless supporting charactor whose name is at the bottom of the casting list (guess what will happen to him?) hears something in the lower compartment. Despite your futile "don&♯39;t go down there, you jerk!" pleas, he does just that, and is appropriately killed (more like thoroughly obliterated) by the shadowy figure with insatiable blood lust on its mind. In the victim&♯39;s case, dereliction of duty and sheer cowardliness would have been the wise decision. The scene is actually well-directed (for a change) and develops much suspense, as the entire film surprisingly does.
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  This film&♯39;s story is not really totally original (what is?), for it is based on A.E. Van Vogt&♯39;s "VOYAGE OF THE SPACE BEAGLE." All ALIEN fanatics should track down an old used copy to see where the initial influence came from.
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检事和女先生
235
9.0
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检事和女先生
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更新时间:2025年12月05日
主演:未知
简介:

  Synopsis
  "Falsely accused as the murderer of my own husband... Oh, the cruel machinations of fate!" A female teacher (Lee Yong-ae) gives shelter to an escaped convict, but her husband, misconstruing her intentions, reacts violently and accidentally stabs himself to death in the process. The teacher is charged with her husband&♯39;s murder, but fortunately the prosecutor on the case is a former student of hers, of whom she had taken painstaking care when she was working at an elementary school. Remembering her kindness to him, the prosecutor uncovers her innocence in court, and she is acquitted of the crime.
  Notes
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  A Public Prosecutor and a Teacher is familiar to us for the performance of Shin Chool, Korea&♯39;s last silent movie narrator (known as "byeonsa"in Korean). Numerous critics have recommended the film, praising it as "a silent movie that allows us to examine the narrator-accompanied method of 16mm films" (Chung Jong-wha), "the work of Korea&♯39;s last silent movie narrator" (Kim Hong-joon), a movie that "reflects the public&♯39;s consciousness and has great historical value" (Lee Seung-hun), and "the archetypal new-school film" (Chung Sung-il). As evidenced by such commentary, A Public Prosecutor and a Teacherenjoys greater recognition for its historical value as the only surviving silent movie in Korea than for its artistic or technical aspects. What is ironic is the fact that this recognition derivesfrom a production and screening method that fell behind the times, as sound films (or "talkies") had already become the norm when the movie was first made. Its inclusion in the list is therefore based on its historical, social context rather than on the film itself.
  Afterword:
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简介:

  《四月的某时》(Sometimes in April)——描写西方世界没有参与调停的1994年卢旺达大屠杀的悲惨影片,加入了柏林电影节的竞赛单元,是为期11天的电影节中两部关于此暴行的影片之一。与特里乔治的《卢旺达饭店》关注的是同一背景和题材,拉乌尔佩克却以不同的途径展示了内战的创伤。这两部影片和《卡雅利沙的卡门》可看出南非电影的升温。 浓笔重彩描绘出大屠杀血腥场面的《四月的某时》,比起同一题材的展映影片《卢旺达酒店》(Hotel Rwanda),具有绝对的震慑力。
  
  这部由美国和卢旺达联合制作的影片,是第一部关于大约80万图西人和胡图族人遭到种族灭绝的主要影片,在卢旺达当地拍摄,并动用了大批当地居民作为临时演员。
  
  出生在海地的导演和人权积极分子拉乌尔-佩克(Raoul Peck)说,启用仍然对那场灾难记忆犹新的卢旺达人当临时演员,可能有助于外国观众更好地理解他们内心的恐惧。佩克强忍住泪说:“影片中所有的事情都是真实的。我认为难得有机会发生这种情况,各种族人们间的关系和冲突顷刻间全部爆发,任何可能发生的事情都成为了现实。”
  
  电影讲述了1994年4月,一名胡图族士兵在最初大屠杀的混乱里与图西族妻子和两个儿子失散的故事,10后当他与遇见他的兄弟泽维尔时,才获悉他们的命运。而身为记者的泽维尔正在坦桑尼亚Arusha的卢旺达国际法庭受审,罪名是通过电台广播煽动流血事件。影片中也提到了作为美国国务院官员的德博拉-温格(Debra Winger),努力说服当时的总统比尔-克林顿采取行动。
  
  另一部在本周初上映的同样题材的影片《卢旺达酒店》(Hotel Rwanda)参加了柏林电影节的非竞赛单元。佩克说他有意识地决定,要比《卢旺达酒店》描绘更多栩栩如生的暴力场面。他说:“我的第一个目标是要把影片拍得尽可能真实残酷,又不会让观众掉头而去。我需要观众,我需要他们看完整部电影,走完这次恐怖之旅。这场有计划的种族屠杀发生的时候周围没有摄影机。”
  
  佩克花费了数个月的时间在卢旺达和坦桑尼亚进行调查,影片剧本中的部分内容来自审理团听证会的副本。他说,一些出演影片的卢旺达人声称他们不能演凶手,只能演受害者,因为10年前的悲剧仍然深入人心,椎心刺骨。佩克说,拍摄期间由5位专家组成的心理学家小组一天24小时都要驻守在片场。
  
  在片中扮演一名图西族受害者的比利时女演员卡罗尔-卡雷梅拉(Carole Karemera)说,电影的制作过程对许多身受其害的人来说,是一种精神治疗。她说:“经受了痛苦,你才会有羞耻心,才会安静下来。现在我们试着谈论这件事,也开始再次相信其余的人类。”

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